“But in your hearts revere Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have. But do this with gentleness and respect,”
1 Peter 3:15
Introduction:
Within the Bible, there are verses that, when taken out of context, can be easily misinterpreted. One such verse is 1 Peter 3:15, the so-called “Apologist’s Creed.” I know I’m going to be ruffling a lot of feathers, but I do not believe this passage is about rational apologetics the way it is so often promoted to be. A careful examination of the passage reveals that it primarily pertains to enduring suffering and utilizing one’s perseverence as an opportunity for sharing the faith.
The Context of Peter’s Encouragement:
The apostle Peter wrote the First letter of Peter to a Christian community facing persecution and trials. Peter sought to encourage and strengthen them in their faith, reminding them of the eternal hope they have in Christ, even in the midst of suffering. Throughout the letter, Peter emphasizes the importance of living out their faith with humility, love, and integrity, even when faced with adversity.
In chapter 1, the suffering theme begins. After introducing the letter, speaking about the glory of the Gospel that they believe, Peter makes this statement:
“In all this you greatly rejoice, though now for a little while you may have had to suffer grief in all kinds of trials. These have come so that the proven genuineness of your faith—of greater worth than gold, which perishes even though refined by fire—may result in praise, glory and honor when Jesus Christ is revealed.”
1 Peter 1:6-7 (emphasis mine)
The purpose of their suffering is to “prove the genuineness” of their present faith. In some sense, this is saying the same thing as the so-called ”Apologist’s Creed” of 3:15. The proof is in their endurance. But this “proof,” at least the type that 1 Peter is proposing, only comes by way of suffering and endurance. To limit it to rational discourse misses the reason your testimony is powerful and able to change hearts—the fortitude of your faith as others see the world coming down around you.
Christ’s Example:
1 Peter 3:15 states, “But in your hearts revere Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give an answer to everyone who asks you to give the reason for the hope that you have.” Again, this verse, when isolated, can be easily misunderstood as a directive to engage in objective rational apologetics, defending the faith through intellectual arguments. However, a closer examination of the surrounding verses and the overall context of Peter’s letter reveals a deeper meaning.
“To this you were called, because Christ suffered for you, leaving you an example, that you should follow in his steps.”
1 Peter 2:21
The rest of chapter 2 challenges us to look to Christ’s example:
“He committed no sin, and no deceit was found in his mouth.” When they hurled their insults at him, he did not retaliate; when he suffered, he made no threats. Instead, he entrusted himself to him who judges justly.”
1 Peter 2:22-23
The True Meaning of 1 Peter 3:15:
In the broader context of 1 Peter, the primary focus is on the endurance of suffering and living as witnesses for Christ. Notice the verse just before our present passage under question (which is invariably left out) spells out the context perfectly:
“But even if you should suffer for what is right, you are blessed. “Do not fear their threats; do not be frightened.”
1 Peter 3:14
Peter then goes on and encourages believers to maintain reverence for Christ in their hearts (remember how he suffered) and then to be prepared to share the reason for their hope when asked. The emphasis is not on aggressively defending the faith, but rather on the opportunity that arises when others notice the believers’ resilient faith in the face of trials.
Opportunities for Apologetics through Suffering and Resilience:
When believers face suffering with steadfast faith and hope, it can be a profound testimony to those observing their lives. The endurance, joy, and peace displayed by believers amidst trials can raise questions in the minds of others who are curious about the source of their unwavering hope. It is in these moments that opportunities for true apologetics emerge. And you don’t really have to be an intellectual giant to be effective; you only have to endure through the suffering life affords.
“To Everyone Who Asks”
Peter encourages believers to be prepared to give an answer, but the key lies in being asked. The genuine inquiries and curiosity arising from observing a believer’s steadfastness open powerful doors for meaningful conversations about faith. Rather than forcefully defending the faith, believers are called to respond with gentleness, respect, and love, sharing their personal experiences and the transformative power of Christ in their lives.
”But I don’t handle suffering well”
What if you don’t handle suffering well? Join the crowd. All of us feel guilty. We feel this way because we feel like we’re failing in giving to homage to the Lord during our times of trials. We are angry, confused, and, often, enter into a black hole of doubt and despair. How can you witness to somebody in those situations? Well, that depends. It may not be in the middle of those situations that we have the best opportunity. However, after the situation prolongs, people will watch from afar to see if our faith is still secure. After all, they probably won’t come up to you at the very beginning of your suffering and ask you why you still believe. It is the endurance of faith during the long-term battle that intrigues them. Then the question comes: “Why do you still trust in Him?” It may come years later.
Conclusion:
The correct understanding of 1 Peter 3:15 highlights the importance of enduring suffering with resilience and allowing one’s faith to shine through the darkness. It is not a call to engage in objective rational apologetics (though it may include that) but rather an encouragement to be prepared to share the reason for our hope when asked by those who are genuinely curious.
By living out our faith with obedience, love, and perseverance in the midst of suffering, we become living testimonies to the power of Christ’s resurrection. Our resilience in the face of trials becomes the most powerful opportunity for outreach we have, as it invites others to inquire about the hope that sustains us. May we embrace these opportunities, responding with humility and wisdom, and pointing others towards the transformative hope found in Christ alone.
16 replies to "Misinterpreting 1 Peter 3:15: How We May Have “The Apologist’s Creed” Wrong"
Great article, Michael! Hopefully will contribute to (Western) Christian theology recovery from the grip of the rationalist chokehold that has strangled the gospel since at least the 16th century.
This, coming from Catholics that used to murder people with a dissent. Talk about strangle!!!
Come one Chap. That is completely unnecessary and ironically is without any gentleness and respect. We all know that you are very anti-catholic. This is not the blog post for such antagonism. Love to have you around and I really appreciate that you read my stuff, but please stay on topic.
John 16:2
They shall put you out of the synagogues: yea, the time cometh, that whosoever killeth you will think that he doeth God service.
Are you indicating that there is no truth to what I stated?
Even Jesus tells us a story above.
Thanks for coming to my defence, Michael. Maybe you should do a post on how recent, regional and reactionary fundamentalism is, and hopefully that historical orientation will help Chapman realize his brand of theology is just another one of modernity’s cultural offshoots, and not, as he seems to believe, the identical thoughts of any of the Apostles.
(Technically, I suppose I should say ‘rationalistic’ chokehold, to distinguish between a methodological trend in the general Western privileging of rationality that characterises pre-Reformation philosophical since the Greeks in classical antiquity, from the rationalism embodied particularly in subsequent post-Cartesian philosophy, into the modern and contemporary era: philosophical fashion often has a theological foundation: and Luther’s theology is the grandaddy of Descartes philosophy)
Hi, Michael. I listen to a couple of apologetics-oriented podcasts (“Apologetics 315” and “Stand to Reason”), and I found what you had to say about the oft-quoted 1 Peter 3:15 very helpful. I’m naturally drawn to the rational side of apologetics, and I really appreciate your bringing context to this passage. It feels like a rebalancing of how I think about it.
Great Jeff. Thanks so much. I am also a lover of rational apologetics. It encourages and strengthens my faith substantially. Frankly, therefore, I have a love hate relationship with this particular post!
I don’t think this post in any way diminishes the need for (or my affinity toward) rational apologetics. But it does put it into its proper context, which I very happily accept.
And I’m very glad to have encountered this context here rather than to have been blindsided by something I _should_ have known during a more real-world interaction. 🙂
I love the work you’re doing!
Thanks Jeff!!
I wonder if Peter was thinking about Job and his friends while writing this. Job’s friends (and even his wife, Job 2.9) were in effect asking him why he still hoped in God when God had “obviously” treated him so poorly. I think Peter here might be telling us to “keep our eyes on the prize” (of holiness/Christ-likeness/etc), so that when people treat us like Job’s friends treated him we can answer not only our own consciences, but also those who are slandering/accusing us.
That is an interesting thought Tom.
Justin Martyr is known as the patron of apologists; but reading his dialogue with Trypho reveals how the Bible has been instrumentalized by rationalist theology and the bias of historical-critical method.
Always good to look at the context of verses.
Thanks for this! I agree. I also think there’s an emphasis that is missing. This hit me while prepping a sermon on this passage.
In verse 4 Peter tells wives to let their adorning be in the “hidden person of the heart”. I think in verse 15 Peter says to honour Christ “in your heart” because it is a hidden place and for these Christians living somewhat trapped under a hostile authority, they would bring undo heat on themselves by being to preachy or getting into arguments about religion, which their authority would despise them for and mistreat them more.
So it’s as if Peter is telling them to keep their faith to themselves, but share it if asked, but even then do it gently and with respect. Peter is pastorally trying to limit the hardship of these vulnerable people.
So it’s funny that the meaning, if I’m correct, is almost opposite how we use it!
I would love to hear your thoughts and if you think I am on to something or if it’s too much speculation 🙂
I think it fits really well. I think the “apologist’s creed” interpretation is, at best, a “good sermon wrong text” example.